Chromatography: How can we separate a mixture?

PurposeThe chromatography lab is to understand how molecules with similar molecular properties can be separated with paper chromatography. These differences will be interpreted to see the distinction of separate chemical substances.Pre Lab Questions1. Explain capillary action as it pertains to water and paper.Capillary action makes water draw up the paper. As paper absorbs water mixes with the solutions in the paper.2. What is the Rf value in a chromatography experiment?Rf = Distance travelled by the solute from the original line/distance travelled by the solvent from the original line3. If a molecule has a high affinity for the stationary phase, how is the Rf value affected?High affinity for the stationary phase affects the Rf value by lower Rf values.4. If a molecule has high affinity for the mobile phase, how is the Rf value affected?The Rf value will be higher5. Imagine you are doing a chromatography experiment with a polar solvent and a molecule containing a carbonyl group. Woul d the Rf value be high or low? Explain.The Rf value would be predicted as being low because it would tend to stick to the paper more.6. Why must a pencil be used, instead of a pen or marker when marking chromatography plates?A pencil is being used when parking chromatography plates because the ink could take part in reacting with the substance that it is placed in.7. Why should latex gloves be worn when preparing chromatography plates?Latex gloves should be worn to prevent contamination of the chromatogram8. The sample fine thin-layer chromatography plate, shown below, was prepared by spotting methyl red at R, sudan III at S, and bromocresol green at G. A single drop of each was placed on M. The plate was put in the developing solution until the solvent front reached 10 cm. Estimate the retention factor of R,S, and G, by measuring to the middle of the spot.0.625 ; .369. Describe how the TLC plate shown in question #8 was improperly prepared. For thin layer chromatography the adsorbe nt is coated as a thin layer onto a suitable support. This layer substance mixture is separated by elution with a suitable solvent.10. Suppose that, while one of the chromatography plates is developing, the beaker is accidently bumped, and the developing solution splashes on the TLC plate. Explain how this would influence the results.The results would shift dramatically towards the selected solution before.Materials List:Food dye solutions, 3 colors and an â€Å"unknown† dye mixture Sodium chloride solution Isopropyl alcohol Paper chromatography plates Capillary tubes Pencil Five 250-mL beakers Plastic wrap Metric ruler Lab notebook Latex gloves, safety goggles, lab apronsProcedure: Activity 11. Wearing latex gloves, obtain ten chromatography plates, as directed by the instructor. Prepare each chromatography plate by marking lightly with pencil, a line at the bottom. Draw two small dots on the bottom line. Place the labels B (blue) and R (red) below the dots on the line. Repe at with the yellow food dye (Y) on another chromatography paper. Prepare the remaining eight plates the same way so that you have five sets of chromatography plates. 2. Properly prepare 250 mL beakers3. Cover 250 mL beakers with plastic wrap 4. Prepare 10 mL of below solution and place them in the beakers. Label with the mobile phase composition. a. 1% salt water b. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (3:1) mixture c. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (1:1) mixture d. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (1:3) mixture e. isopropyl alcohol 5. cover each beaker with a piece of plastic wrap 6. Prepare 1 mL of each dye solution 7. Place one drop of blue food dye with the capillary tube 8. Do this for the â€Å"R† (separate capillary tube) 9. Do this for the â€Å"Y† (separate capillary tube) 10. Allow droplet to fully dry 11. Gently lower one of the plates into one of the 250-mL developing solution beakers, ensuring that the dry food dye spots are at the bottom.Ensure that  no solv ent splashes onto the chromatography plate above the initial solvent level 12. Carefully re-cover the 250-mL beaker13. The solvent will quickly rise through the plate. Allow until  ¾ way 14. Once the solvent level has reached the maximum height, quickly remove the plate from the 250-mL beaker and mark the exact point of the solvent front before the solvent evaporates. (will take longer) 15. Mark the plate with the identity of the developing solution composition. Set the plate face-up to allow it to dry 16. Replace the plastic wrap cover on the 250-mL beaker17. Repeat steps 7-16 with each of the other developing solutions. Ensure that each plate is properly marked and labeled 18. Measure the distance between the bottom line and the upper solvent line on each plate. Record this information in the data table 1 for the corresponding developing solution 19. Identify and circle each spot corresponding to the indicator dyes on each of the chromatography plates 20. Measure the distance be tween the bottom line and the center of each indicator spot (B,R andY) on each plate. Record this data in the corresponding data table 21. Ask the instructor whether the chromatography plates should be retained or disposed off

Pain Measured Visual Analogue Scale Health And Social Care Essay

The reappraisal of related literature is a indispensable facets of scientific research. Its entails the systematic designation, contemplation, critical analysis and coverage of bing information in relation to the job of involvement. The intent of reappraisal of literature is to obtain comprehensive cognition and in depth information about the effectivity of ambulation on improve maternal comfort decrease of hurting perceptual experience, result of labor during first phase of labor. The intent of reappraisal literature is to obtain comprehensive cognition and in depth information about the effectivity of ambulation on maternal comfort, hurting perceptual experience & A ; result of labor. The literature gathered from sole reappraisal is depicted under the undermentioned header. Section A: Literature related to trouble perceptual experience during first phase of labor. Section B: Literature related to assorted maternal places for maternal comfort, hurting perceptual experience and result of labor during first phase of labor. Section C: Literature related to ambulation to better maternal comfort, result of labor and cut down hurting perceptual experience. Section D: Literature related to non pharmacological hurting alleviation methods during first phase of labor for maternal comfort, hurting perceptual experience and result of labor.Section A: Literature related to trouble perceptual experience during first phase of labor.Campbell & A ; Kurtz ( 2004 ) conducted a descriptive survey characterized the labor hurting at two phases of cervical distension with selected group 78 labouring female parents and compared the hurting experienced at 2 phases of dilation ( 2-5 centimeter and of 6-10 centimeter ) with adult females in Greenville. Stage ‘s of hurting measured by Visual Analogue Scale, Present Pain Intensity, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire, and 1 experimental step, the nurse-rated Behavioural Index of Pain. The survey consequences revealed that there was important addition in hurting with increased dilation occurred for all female parents both prim and multigravidas. He concluded that labor hurting was equalin primi gravida th an the multigravidas. Lopez & A ; Pires ( 2000 ) conducted the randomized control trail survey was designed to measure the relationship between the parturients place and her abdominal and lumbar ( uninterrupted and contraction ) hurting during the first phase of labor. A homogenous group of 100 parturients was selected in obstetric section of a general infirmary, Argentina. Samples were indiscriminately assigned to alternately presume the horizontal or the perpendicular place for 15-min periods. Positions were safely selected by the parturients. Therefore, the female parent adopted ( a ) a self-elected place, ( B ) recumbent ( or erect ) , ( degree Celsius ) a self-elected place, ( vitamin D ) erect ( or recumbent ) , and so on. Pain strength was measured by the Argentine Pain Questionnaire ‘s Present Pain Intensity and the Huskisson ‘s ocular parallel graduated table. The findings revealed that a bulk of parturients felt less abdominal and lumbar hurting, either uninterrupted or due to contra ctions, during recumbency. The consequence was more singular when dilation exceeded five centimeters and less intense during the first half of the first phase of labor. He concluded that place may helpful to cut down the hurting degree during first phase of labor. Mikolajczyk, Sundaram & A ; Beaver Fraser ( 2010 ) conducted a study survey in aimed to analyze labor forms in a big population and to research an alternate attack for naming unnatural labour patterned advance. The survey were selected sum of 26,838 parturient, who had a singleton term gestation, self-generated oncoming of labor, vertex presentation, and a normal antenatal result in Maryland. An interval-censored arrested development method was used.The consequences revealed that Nulliparous adult females had longest and most gradual labor curve and get down the active stage after 5 centimeter of cervical dilation and may non needfully hold a clear active stage and multiparous adult females of different paras had really similar curves. Researcher concluded that active stage of labor may non get down until 5 centimeters of cervical dilation in multiparous and even later in nulliparous and after 6 centimeter distension merely the advancement in all gestation during labor. Niven & A ; Gijsbers ( 2004 ) conducted the exploratory survey aimed to analyze the nature, beginning, and effectivity of hurting get bying schemes used during childbearing with 51 British adult females was assessed around the clip of birth. Pain was measured by ocular parallel graduated tables and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Analysis of informations obtained in an drawn-out semi-structured interview. Subjects were found to utilize a scope of schemes during labor, many of which they had antecedently used to get by with hurting. In findings that the entire figure of schemes used in labor was negatively correlated with degrees of labor hurting.Section B: Literature related to assorted maternal places for maternal comfort, hurting perceptual experience and result of labor during first phase of laborAndrews CM & A ; chrzanowski ( 1985 ) Conduct a randomised clinical test to measure the maternal comfort by supplying assorted unsloped places in 40 laboring adult females ‘s randoml y assigned to either unsloped recumbent place. During the stage of maximal incline of labor. When the cervical distension from 4cm to 9cm, Every hr during the stage of maximal incline. The research worker examined each sample vaginally to find her cervical distension and assessed her degree of comfort by utilizing maternal comfort appraisal tool the adult females in unsloped place group had significantly shorter stage of maximal incline of in labor and easing uterine contractions & A ; increasing comfort to the female parent. Bauer et Al ( 1987 ) Conducted a comparative survey to measure the effects of standing place and supine place on self-generated uterine contractions and other facets of labor in 20 normal term female parents they were given by standing and supine place frailty versa with the clip continuance of 30 proceedingss the research worker examined each sample every 30 proceedingss for cervical distension and hurting perceptual experience. The research worker found that the strength of contractions was significantly higher in 15 out of 20 female parents in standing place frequence of contraction diminished and Reduced continuance of labor.the research worker concluded that there is no inauspicious effects and complications in standing place during labor. Carlson ( 1999 ) in an article a survey by supplying different maternal places to measure the comfort position foetal out semen & A ; duet ion of labor. In 80 gravida I unsophisticated female parents. The places chosen by female parents. The research worker found that the different places improved maternal comfort & A ; fetal out semen. & A ; cut down length of labor. Chen shin-zon ( 2003 ) in an article stated that a survey to measure the effectivity of sitting place on labour hurting during first phase of labour.the research worker found that in sitting place the increased resting force per unit area in the sitting place is of some importance in the supplementing the down ward bringing force and increasing bearing down force per unit area in the sitting place could assist to significantly shorten the continuance. Gupta et Al ( 2000 ) In an article stated survey To measure the safe birth good maternal & A ; fetal out come by supplying unsloped places at Birmingham adult females ‘s infirmary Edgbaston, UK the places adopted natively by adult females during birth has been described as early 1882 by Engel am. The research worker found that by supplying assorted unsloped places [ like keeping Rope, delivering chair, hardhearted, crouching ] the female parent will hold safe birth decreased perinatal jobs. Liu ( 2003 ) conducted a descriptive survey to measure the cut down continuance of labor by supplying up right places in 68 primi gravida female parents between the age of 18 to 25 old ages were assigned to three groups. One group used a 30 grade unsloped place with no bearing down instructions and 2nd group used a 30 unsloped place with bearing down instructions the research worker found that the unsloped place enhanced the descent caput with shorter continuance of labor in both first and 2nd phase of labor. May berry et Al ( 2003 ) in an article stated descriptive survey to measure the facilitating advancement of labor by supplying assorted unsloped places. At New York university. The survey sample is 74 laboring healthy adult females. Supplying unsloped places for all adult females. The research worker founded that easing advancement of labour decrease of vaginal hemorrhage better neonatal out semen. Miquelutti et Al ( 2007 ) conducted a explanatory survey to measure the effectivity of unsloped place during first phase of labor during first phase of labor to better obstetrical and perinatal result. The research worker allotted 50 four adult females for experimental group. They were given unsloped place and other 50 three adult females in control group they were given supine place.the difference between two groups were evaluated by utilizing I†¡2 will coxon and fishers exact trials significance was p & lt ; 0.05 hazard ratio is 95 % . The research worker concluded that the unsloped place during first phase of labor will cut down continuance of labor. Roberts et Al ( 2005 ) stated that systematic reappraisal to cut down instrumental bringing by supplying up right places during labour.in Centre for perinatal wellness in Sydney.the survey participles were 281 gravida I female parents in that 166 experimental group provident up right places & A ; its control group in accumbent place each trail is analysed by utilizing meta analytic techniques. The research worker concluded that the up right place during labour important decrease of instrumental bringing & A ; continuance of labour perinatal injury & A ; bleeding. Roberts & A ; Malasonos ( 2003 ) conducted a randomised clinical test by supplying sitting in a chair and a side lying to measure the maternal comfort & A ; uterine efficiency among 19 gravida I female parents alternated between these two places at 30 minute interval for as long possible during labour locating place during early labor [ cervical distension less than 6cm † ] and prevarication on their side in late labor [ cervical distension greater than 6cm † ] . The research worker found the uterine efficaciousness less in the locating place than in side lying place and besides locating place will better maternal comfort. Sandi ( 2001 ) conducted dual blind survey to measure the continuance of labor by supplying unsloped place in selected parturient at the Negress oriental provincial infirmary the research worker provided 45 degree unsloped place the aestivator found that Reduce maximal length of labor in both first & A ; 2nd phase of labor and good new born out comes. Streamer et Al ( 2005 ) conducted that Randomized control test of evaluate the rotary motion of fetal caput by supplying Hands & A ; Knee places for occipito posterior place to occipita anterior during labor. In 13 labour units in university attillated infirmary survey participates were 147 laboring adult females with a occipito posterior place in that 70 were custodies keep place at least 30 min over per 1hour the experimental group and 77 were control group. ( No custodies knee positioning ) The research worker used extremist echography to happen out fetal caput rotary motion. Head rotary motion following one hr. The research worker conclude that the experimental group had important decrease in relentless back hurting, changing of fetal caput to occipito posterior to occipito anterior place and other results like decreased operative bringing and decreased perennial injury and besides good foetal out semen. And the control group have the comparative hazard of operative bringing. vino kiln spectators ( 2003 ) stated that instance control survey to measure the maternal and neonatal out come by supplying assorted places. At section of OBs & A ; gynecology of the university infirmary viema between 1997 -2002 entire survey participants were 714 drudging adult females. 307 adult females were control group supplying supine place & A ; 307 were experimental group supplying unsloped places ( crouching & A ; other alternate birth places. The analysis was restricted to 37 hebdomads normal sized fetus & A ; cephalic persecution with out any medical ( or ) obstetrical hazard the research worker found that unsloped place associated with good effects such as a lower rate of episiotomy, and decreased usage of medical analgesia & A ; Pitocin.Section C: Literature related to ambulation to better maternal comfort, result of labor and cut down hurting perceptual experience:Hemmiki et Al ( 1985 ) conducted a pilot survey to measure the maternal comfort & A ; length of labor by s upplying ambulation vs. oxytocin disposal. The research worker selected 50 seven female parents indiscriminately assigned control group & A ; experimental group.the research worker used as randomized control test for this survey. the research worker provided ambulation for experimental group & A ; oxytocin for control group. In experimental group 60 % of the adult females in the ambulation delivered their babes with out Pitocin. The average length of first and 2nd phase of labor was reduced and besides they had positive results on the other manus the control group.they are experienced stronger contractions before forcing and besides enduring from strong contractions. The research worker finds that ambulation will better maternal comfort, out semen of labor & A ; diminishing length of labor. Lawrence et Al ( 2009 ) conducted a randomised clinical test to measure maternal comfort & A ; lessening length of labor by supplying walking and unsloped places at Townsville infirmary Queensland Australia with the sample of 3706 pregnant gravida I female parents they were utilizing random and quasi random trying for comfort and experimental group in experimental group who are different unsloped place and walking the research worker concluded that the first phase of labor about one hr shorter than in a recumbent places and other results labour it will increase good being of female parents & A ; fetus Lupe et Al ( 1986 ) in an article stated that assess the consequence of ambulation during first phase of labor to cut down length of labor.and besides it will rush the advancement of labour.ambulation will better maternal satisfaction, and besides it will better maternal and fetal out semen. The research worker reported the ambulation reported the ambulation during labor will better greater maternal comfort and ability to digest labors and ability to digest labor hurting, lessening usage of anesthesia and analgesia. Read ja mitter et Al ( 1981 ) conducted a comparative survey to measure the effectivity of ambulation versus oxytocin disposal on better labour advancement. The research worker selected 14 female parents ( who failed augmentation in active stage of labor ) assigned eight female parents in experimental group, they were given ambulation and six female parents in control group, they were given oxytocin extract.the research worker used telemetry to supervise maternal and fetal status in foetus bosom rate and activity in female parent station of the caput, cervical distension, uterine activity contraction, frequence and efficaciousness. The consequences included labour advancement significantly better in ambulatory group the research worker concluded that ambulation is effectual than oxytocin. Souja et Al ( 2006 ) in an article a survey to measure to cut down the length of the first phase of labor by supplying ambulation and unsloped places at Brazil the research worker used Randomised control tests carried to measure the consequence of ambulation the research worker found that the ambulation in the first phase of labor will better maternal comfort & A ; cut down the length of labor. Stewart & A ; caldera ( 1984 ) conducted a survey meta analysis to measure the effectivity of maternal position on the advancement of labor. The research worker selected 275 labour adult females are indiscriminately assigned as control group and experimental group, control group were non given any specific place and experimental group were given ambulation. Radio telemetry was used to place fetal bosom rate the consequences included in ambulatory group shorter stage of labor and had maternal satisfaction, relived from hurting. The research worker concluded that there were significantly shorter labour stage of labour stage in ambulation group. William et Al ( 1980 ) conducted a clinical test to measure the effectivity of ambulation during first phase of labor on improve maternal and fetal result. The research worker selected 48 parturient female parents as experimental group they were given ambulation and another 55mothers are control group they were non given any ambulation. The consequences include the experimental group ( who are given ambulation ) shows improve maternal comfort, cut down hurting and better maternal and fetal result. The research worker concluded that the ambulation in first phase of labor will better maternal and fetal out semen. Wilson mi et al ( 2009 ) conducted a comparitive survey to measure the maternal comfort & A ; cut down instrumental bringing at Royal Hallam shire infirmary U.K on 1052 gravida I female parents. The research worker divided in to two groups. Ambulation for experimental group extradural anesthesia for control group the research worker found that there is difference in experimental group than control group ambulation will better maternal comfort & A ; Reduce length of labor.Section D: Literature related to non pharmacological hurting alleviation methods during first phase of labor for maternal comfort, hurting perceptual experience and result of labor.Labreque & A ; Novmen ( 2000 ) conducted a randomized survey to measure the effectivity of non pharmacologic attacks to relief the low back hurting. The probe selected a sample of 30 four adult females by utilizing three non pharmacological attacks line intradermal saline H2O injections, trans cutaneal electrical nervus stimulations, stand ard attention including back massage, whirl pool bath and broad mobilization. The research worker indiscriminately assigned 1 of 3 interventions. The research worker used ocular parallel graduated table.The adult females ‘s were self evaluated both strength and effectual. The research worker used to measure satisfaction by utilizing labour a aristocracy graduated table and bringing satisfaction index. The consequences included. The adult females received intradermal unfertile H2O injections group. Unpleasantness of hurting lower than standard attention group. While the teens group ( P= 0.01 and P= .003 ) similar consequences were observed for strength P= .01 and unpleasantness P=.03 hurting assessed merely earlier bringing.The research worker found that there is no important difference between all 3 group but first group has received back hurting during labor. Lee & A ; Chang Jiang bent ( 2000 ) conducted a quantitative survey to measure the effectivity sp6 G-Jo on labor hurting and bringing clip in labour the research worker selected randomized clinical test at university attached infirmary with the sample size of 75 labour adult females indiscriminately assigned n=36 were experimental group n=39 were control group harmonizing to para, cervical distension, rupture of membranes and labour phase. the research worker include 30 proceedingss acupressure on sp6 acupoint was performed labour hurting was measured four times utilizing structured questionnaire and ocular parallel graduated table. instantly after intercession and 30-60minutes after intercession there were significantly difference between the group in subjective labor hurting tonss at all clip points instantly after intercessions ( p=0.012 ) 30 proceedingss after intercession ( p=0.021 ) and 60 proceedingss after intercession ( p=0.012 ) the entire labor was significantly shorter in experimental group. The research worker concluded that sp6 G-Jo was effectual in diminishing labor hurting Simkin & A ; Ohra ( 2004 ) Conducted a qualitative survey to measure the effectivity of non pharmacological methods on labor hurting alleviation maternal satisfaction other obstetric labor. By giving non pharmacologic hurting alleviation methods. At North America in selected infirmaries. The probe used five non pharmacological methods. Those are continuos labour support, touch, bath massage, maternal motion and posters. And intra cuticular H2O blocks for back hurting alleviation. The probe found that all methods are effectual to cut down labor hurting.Increase, maternal comfort and out semen of labor. Toumarie & A ; Theauyomeau ( 1982 ) In an article on G-Jo on labor hurting alleviation.the research worker used randomized control test for survey to use G-Jo over lumbosacral country during first phase of labour the research worker found that the G-Jo will relief from labour hurting during first phase of labour death usage of anodynes. Water & A ; Raiser ( 2002 ) Conducted a survey to measure the effectivity of ice massage on labor hurting the research worker selected Hispanic and white pre labour adult females as a survey sample. The research worker used ice massage of the G-Jo energy meridian point big bowel and ( L 14 ) to cut down labour hurting during contractions ( L 14 ) is located at median mid point of tegument between pollex and forward finger. The research worker chosen pre & A ; post prove design and which used 100 mm ocular parallel graduated table and MC Gill pain questionnaire ranked numerically, verbally to mensurate hurting degrees. Participants noted a hurting decrease mean on the VAS of 28.22 on the left manus & A ; 11.93 millimeter on the right manus. The research worker concluded that ice massage is a safe, effectual, not invasive method of cut downing labour hurting.

Amanda Todd Story Essay

I’ve decided to tell you about my never ending story. In 7th grade i would go with friends on web cam meet and talk to new people. then got called stunning,beautiful,perfect,etc. then wanted me to flash†¦. so i did 1 year later. i got a message on facebook. from him don’t know how he knew me. it said.. if you don’t put on a show for me i will send your nudes. he knew my address,school,relatives,friends,family names, Christmas break†¦ knock at my door at 4am. it was the police. my photo was sent to everyone. i then got really sick and got anxiety, major depression and panic disorder. i then moved and got into drugs and alcohol. my anxiety got worse couldn’t go out. a year past and the guy came back with my new list of friends and school. but made a facebook page. my nudes were his profile pic. cried every night, lost all my friends and respect people had me for me†¦ again.. then nobody liked me. name calling, judged†¦ i can never get tha t photo back. it’s out there forever†¦ i started cutting†¦ i promised myself never again†¦ didn’t have any friends and i sat at lunch alone. so i moved schools again†¦ everything was better even thought i sat still alone. at lunch in the library everyday. after a month later i started talking to an old guy friend. we back and fourth texted and he started to say he†¦ liked me.. led me on.. he had a girlfriend.. then he said come over my girlfriend ,is on vacation. So i did.. huge mistake.. he hooked up with me†¦ i thought he liked me†¦ 1 week later i get a text get out of your school. his girlfriend and 15 others come including himself. the girl and 2 others just said look around nobody likes you. in front of my new school 50 people. a guy than yelled just punch her already. so she did.. she threw me to the ground and punched me several times. kids filmed it. i was all alone and left on the ground. i felt like a joke in this world.. i thought nobody deserves this. i was alone .. i lied and said it was my fault and my idea. i didn’t want him getting hurt, i thought he really liked me. but he just wanted the sex.. someone yelled punch her already. teachers ran over but i just went and layed in a ditch and my dad found me. i wanted to die so bad†¦ when he brought me home i drank bleach.. it killed me inside and i thought i was gonna actually die. Ambulance came and brought me to the hospital and flushed me. After i got home all i saw was on facebook. She deserved it, did you wash the mud out of your hair? i hope shes dead. nobody cared.. i moved away to another city to my moms. Another school.. i didn’t  wanna press charges because i wanted to move on. 6 months has gone by†¦ people are posting pics of bleach, clorex and ditches. tagging me .. i was dang a lot better too†¦ they said.. she should try a different bleach. i hope she dies this time and isn’t so stupid. they said i hope she sees this and kills herself.. Why do i get this? i messed up but why follow me.. i left your guys city.. im constantly crying now..everyday i think why am i still here? My anxiety is horrible now.. never went out this summer. All from my past†¦life’s never getting better.. cant go to school. Meet or be with people†¦ constantly cutting. I’m really depressed. I’m on anti depressants now. and counselling and a month ago this summer. i overdosed†¦ in hospital for 2 days..I’m stuck.. whats left of me now.. nothing stops. i have nobody.. i need someone. my name is Amanda Todd. Summarize What kind of person would bully a kid online? What kind of person ridicules a child’s memory even after she took her own life. after 3 years of hell. began with a 12 year old and a web cam. Her name was Amanda Todd. After 3 years of hell, dealing with negative/rude comments telling her to kill herself, she decided it was time. Before she killed herself, she attempted to kill herself two other times, the one time she tryed to drink bleach thinking that it’ll kill her instantly, but it didn’t, the other time she started cutting herself and overdosing on drugs. Then a month before she committed suicide she posted a youtube video of what she was going through. After reading most of the rude comments on the video, she thought that why am i still here in this world? I’m not wanted. I’m worthless, nobody wants me here. After reading all the rude comments she finally committed suicide after 3 long years of hell. On Wednesday October 10th 2012 Amanda Todd was found dead! She finally gave up on life and finally committed suicide.

Final Paper African Americans Essay

Through out history there has been a struggle for African Americans to be accepted in our society. An African American endures many more disadvantages than most white people. The media and other sources have made blacks to look the same and has portrayed them in a certain light that may not be fitting to all blacks. There are many misconceptions that people have of blacks. Many people and organizations have had a part in bringing equality and fighting for equal rights for black people. African Americans have been at a huge disadvantage in America from the beginning. Unlike many other minority groups in America, African Americans in many cases were brought here by force and not by there own will. (000000) The first African Americans came to America in the seventeenth century and were immediately forced to work for Whites. After much turmoil and even a civil war Blacks were finally given there freedom with the Emancipation proclamation signed and ratified in 1863. Even after the proclamation some blacks were still enslaved and freed blacks had little to no opportunity. The struggle continued into the next century as blacks finally received the right to vote with the ratification in of the 15th amendment. The 20th century contained a world filled by a segregated America between whites and blacks through jim crow laws that existed that restricted blacks from interacting with whites. With a history like that it is no wonder that African Americans still have disadvantages in our modern day. America today is known as the country of opportunity. Although there are many opportunities out there it seems that there are more opportunities for some groups more than others. Many companies and corporations still use race as a indicator for hiring employees. In one study done by the National Bureau of Economic Research, people with common black names were less likely to be called back for an interview based on there application alone then black people with common white sounding names. Job applicants with white sounding names needed to send out ten applications to get one call back while applications with common black names needed to send out about fifteen to get one reply. (Francis, www. nber. org/digest.com). The research was done withe resumes of the same qualifications. It is easy to see that Black people are constantly bombarded by inequality in the work force. If there were inequalities just based on names of applicants just imagine the inequality when employers actually see the race of the applicants. Black Americans have been stereotyped for years and continue to be today. The media is one great source of portraying African Americans in certain roles. African Americans are portrayed as criminals, drug dealers and sex offenders in many instances. Many Africans are outraged at how they are portrayed in the media. Protest groups such as the Young African Americans Against Media Stereotypes have done what they can to show there stance on stereotypical media portrayal. â€Å"Majority of the time you see a young African-American male in the media he is singing, rapping, scoring a touchdown, dunking a basketball or committing a crime†( http://www. yaaams. com/) Many stereotypes about black people are incredibly false. Many people still think that black people are only good at certain things like music and sports. This is a very false belief and black people have contributed heavily to all different sorts of fields. Many vital inventions that we use on an everyday bases were invented by black people. The dust mop, pencil sharpener, typewriter, and elevator were all invented by black people. (http://www. black-network. com) Our society would not be what it is if it were not for Garret Morgan, the young Black man who invented the traffic light. http://www. infoplease. com/spot/bhmcensus1. html.

Marketing Plan for Tesco Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marketing Plan for Tesco - Research Paper Example Tesco is the largest of the four leading London supermarkets, namely, Morrisons, Asda and Sainsbury’s. In addition to its food business, Tesco controls an important online business and non food business. Tesco is the third biggest food retailer in the UK, with manage of about 31% of that nation’s food retail market; Tesco had effectively thwarted an attempt by wal-mart to take hold of the largest share of the British market. Tesco had also already recognized process in a dozen countries in Asia and Europe and had completed that the U.S offered the maximum opportunity for sustained company development. Tesco’s rise has been comparatively recent. In history recognized in the UK as a conservative retailer with a â€Å"pile it high, sell it inexpensive† method to store image and marketing, the reformation of the company came regarding through a countless of innovations and strategies. These incorporated diversification into a broad range of nonfood goods and s ervices, the utilize of multiciple store arrangements, growth of a private tag or house store product for manifold products, and efficient marketing that assisted found its standing as a market manager. Tesco’s rise also contributed to what some analysts differentiated of markets and the organization of supply chains were retail- driven, while the US model of tended to be further produce driven, as a minimum until the early 1990s and the access of Wal-Mart and its control more than its own supply chains.

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Personal Statement Example I have also realised that in order to enhance employability, these course are unparalleled. Thus, by considering such ever-lasting virtues, I have decided to apply to MSc International Business Management course for completing my master degree. I would able to enhance my knowledge of learning by a considerable certain level which would also assist me to develop various levels of understandings. I am very much passionate and thrive in performing along with succeeding in challenging scenarios. I can easily understand the concepts and ideas and am capable to develop myself by creating solutions to the problems. In order to develop my skills further, I have decided to study the management course after passing my graduate level studies. The course offered would enable me to possess ample opportunities to gain an in-depth knowledge regarding corporate culture and courses in management thus assisting to face tougher situations in larger organisations. Furthermore, I would gain invaluable leaning opportunities during the MSc International Business Management course to comprehend the varied challenges that are faced by global companies and their managers to ensure the sustainability of their organisations. Thus, I can transform myself to be a global citizen or an individual possessing pertinent knowledge about the global business arena. It can also facilitate me to realise the aspects that enable global companies to internationalise in the multination business environment. Through the learning of both theories and concepts along with practical evidences, I can develop strong abilities to perform efficiently in a global organisation in future. Through the course, I can also gain valuable knowledge regarding the fields of innovation management, international business investigation and market research. Apart from gaining certain long-term benefits from the course to develop my knowledge, skills and abilities, I can also significantly contribute to my

Parameters of Persuasive Writing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parameters of Persuasive Writing - Case Study Example The defendant, Mr. Ronald Riff, is innocent. The unfortunate incidents leading to his arrest must be verified. We will present our witnesses and evidences to prove that Mr. Riff has been wrongly accused of burglary. He never stole the money from Marquette's Market and we will prove that he obtained the money from the lawful winnings at Red's Pleasure Palace, a gambling joint. He did not have any reason to break into Marquette's Market. We have proved that Mr. Ronald Riff left Red's Pleasure Palace, a gambling establishment, on Devotion Avenue in Midtown, just after 12.00 A.M. Between 12.05 A.M. and 12.10 A.M. he stopped at Rusty Fender Body Shop from where he stole a hammer. He used this hammer to gain entry to Marquette's Market by smashing the lock on the alley entrance of the store. There is no other extraneous reason for the store to be broken into. Having obtained $910 from the store's cash register, he made his exit from the rear, discarded the stolen hammer in the side alley between Marquette's Market and Art Own's Hardware. He then ran home and was seen by Soapy Waters who also saw the accused drop $2 of the stolen money and Betty Biddy who saw him throw away the money bag. The stolen amount included a Canadian $5 bill. The motive for the crime has been the guitar. Mr. C. Sharp, owner of the music store from where Mr. Riff purchased the guitar, had warned the latter that he would cancel the purchase and return the deposit amount of $100 if Mr. Riff did not pay up the balance amount of $875 within a week's time. The morning after the burglary was committed happened to be the last day of this week. This does not seem to be coincidence. This is the result of a pre-meditated crime. Only the accused did not consider the events before and after crime. We have looked into these events and made our case sound and foolproof (Curran, Pat & Strauch, Gary). This happens to be an open-and-shut case. We have shown that the amount of monies won by Mr. Ronald Riff at Red's Pleasure Palace was too frugal to meet the balance cost of the guitar. We have also calculated the sequence of events from the time he left Marquette's Market to the time he